Proxies
  - A proxy server is an intermediary piece of hardward / software sitting between client and backend server.
    
      - Filter requests
- Log requests
- Transform requests (encryption, compression, etc)
- Cache
- Batch requests
        
          - Collapsed forwarding: enable multiple client requests for the same URI to be processed as one request to the backend server
- Collapse requests for data that is spatially close together in the storage to minimize the reads